{"id":8332,"date":"2024-01-30T12:12:48","date_gmt":"2024-01-30T15:12:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cloveonline.com\/?p=8332"},"modified":"2025-09-10T13:30:29","modified_gmt":"2025-09-10T16:30:29","slug":"queratitis-superficial-cronica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cloveonline.com\/?p=8332","title":{"rendered":"Queratitis Superficial Cr\u00f3nica"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la queratitis superficial cr\u00f3nica?<\/h4>\n

Se trata de una enfermedad bilateral, inflamatoria y progresiva de la c\u00f3rnea del perro, que tambi\u00e9n es conocida como pannus o s\u00edndrome de \u00dcberreiter.<\/p>\n

Se caracteriza por la formaci\u00f3n de vasos sangu\u00edneos, de tejido fibroso y, en casos c\u00f3nicos, el dep\u00f3sito de pigmentos que acaban provocando una opacidad corneal. Habitualmente la lesi\u00f3n se inicia en el cuadrante inferior lateral de la c\u00f3rnea y en su avance puede llegar a afectarla completamente, dando lugar a una ceguera (figura1). En ocasiones puede coexistir una despigmentaci\u00f3n e inflamaci\u00f3n del margen libre de la membrana nictitante (figura 2).<\/p>\n

\u00bfCu\u00e1l es la causa?<\/h4>\n

Se ha relacionado con alteraciones del sistema inmunitario. Adem\u00e1s, se sabe que la exposici\u00f3n a la radiaci\u00f3n ultravioleta est\u00e1 implicada tanto en la aparici\u00f3n como en la progresi\u00f3n de la inflamaci\u00f3n. La incidencia y la gravedad se incrementan en zonas geogr\u00e1ficas con altitudes superiores a los 1200 metros sobre el nivel del mar. La enfermedad se ha identificado en perros de razas como el Akita Inu, Pastor australiano, Pastor belga, Border collie, Dachshund, D\u00e1lmata, Golden retriever, Greyhound, Labrador retriever, Poodle, Pastor de Shetland, Husky siberiano, entre otras. Sin embargo, en la mayor\u00eda de los casos este padecimiento se ve en el Pastor alem\u00e1n y sus cruces, lo que sugiere que puede estar involucrado un factor hereditario.<\/p>\n

\u00bfEs una enfermedad que produce dolor?<\/h4>\n

Los animales enfermos no parecen manifestar dolor, aunque si hay una merma en su calidad de vida, debido a la disminuci\u00f3n de la visi\u00f3n o a la ceguera que genera.<\/p>\n

\u00bfC\u00f3mo se diagnostica?<\/h4>\n

El diagn\u00f3stico se realiza con base en los signos cl\u00ednicos y en la predisposici\u00f3n racial del paciente, adem\u00e1s se debe descartar una deficiencia de l\u00e1grima y otras causas de enfermedad corneal que hacen necesario que un especialista lleve a cabo una exploraci\u00f3n oftalmol\u00f3gica completa. La evaluaci\u00f3n citol\u00f3gica podr\u00eda ser \u00fatil para identificar c\u00e9lulas plasm\u00e1ticas, linfocitos y mastocitos.<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 tratamiento existe y cu\u00e1l es el pron\u00f3stico?<\/h4>\n

Se utilizan f\u00e1rmacos inmunomoduladores bien sea por v\u00eda t\u00f3pica, subconjuntival o a trav\u00e9s de implantes. Adem\u00e1s del tratamiento m\u00e9dico, se indica resguardar constantemente a los pacientes de los rayos del sol. En algunos animales se recomienda el empleo de gafas de uso veterinario con protecci\u00f3n de luz ultravioleta (figura 3). Aunque no es una enfermedad curable, se puede controlar siempre y cuando se sigan minuciosamente las indicaciones del oftalm\u00f3logo veterinario. Tanto la edad de presentaci\u00f3n del cuadro cl\u00ednico como la raza son importantes factores pron\u00f3sticos. Se sabe, por ejemplo, que en los perros de raza Pastor alem\u00e1n de edades entre 1 y 5 a\u00f1os, la enfermedad es grave y progresa r\u00e1pidamente, mientras que los perros de entre 4 y 6 a\u00f1os las lesiones son menos intensas y progresan lentamente, respondiendo mejor al manejo m\u00e9dico. Es importante tener en cuenta que, dado el car\u00e1cter cr\u00f3nico de esta enfermedad, los pacientes requerir\u00e1n tratamiento a lo largo de su vida y un seguimiento cl\u00ednico constante para ajustar la terapia en caso de ser necesario.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Figuras:<\/h4>\n
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Figura 1. Aspecto cl\u00ednico de la enfermedad. C\u00f3rnea con signos de neovascularizaci\u00f3n, tejido fibroso y pigmentaci\u00f3n en la regi\u00f3n inferior lateral (a). Si no se atiende oportunamente, la enfermedad puede progresar hasta afectar completamente al tejido corneal y ocasionar ceguera (b)
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Figura 2. La enfermedad se puede acompa\u00f1ar de despigmentaci\u00f3n y tumefacci\u00f3n de la conjuntiva de la membrana nictitante.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Figura 3. Paciente con buena adaptaci\u00f3n a las gafas protectoras de luz ultravioleta.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la queratitis superficial cr\u00f3nica? Se trata de una enfermedad bilateral, inflamatoria y progresiva de la c\u00f3rnea del perro, que tambi\u00e9n es conocida como pannus o s\u00edndrome de \u00dcberreiter. Se caracteriza por la formaci\u00f3n de vasos sangu\u00edneos, de tejido fibroso y, en casos c\u00f3nicos, el dep\u00f3sito de pigmentos que acaban provocando una opacidad corneal. […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8882,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sin-categoria-es"],"yoast_head":"\nQueratitis Superficial Cr\u00f3nica - CLOVE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cloveonline.com\/?p=8332\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Queratitis Superficial Cr\u00f3nica - CLOVE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la queratitis superficial cr\u00f3nica? 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